ETO's AGORA platform provides detailed summaries, full text and thematic annotations for over 900 AI-focused laws and policies from the U.S. and around the world. We added 42 documents to AGORA over the last two months, including AI-related provisions from the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, the sprawling tax and immigration spending bill that Republicans hope to sign into law by July 4.

One AI-related provision that generated a great deal of debate and pushback was the bill’s moratorium on state AI laws. The moratorium passed in the House but was ultimately struck down in the Senate where it would have reportedly conditioned states’ access to a new $500 million fund to support AI infrastructure on pausing enforcement of their AI laws. However, the moratorium wasn’t the only AI-related provision in the bill. Below, we highlight seven other AI-related provisions in the version of the bill passed by the House on May 22. Note that these provisions may have changed as the Senate version of the bill is being marked up by the House Rules Committee.

⭐️ Our picks for July 2025

One Big Beautiful Bill Act 2025, Section 20002 ("Enhancement of Department of Defense resources for shipbuilding") (introduced 5/20/25)

• Appropriates $450 million for the application of autonomy and artificial intelligence to naval shipbuilding.
• Appropriates $4.6 billion for the expansion of unmanned surface vessel and underwater vehicle production.
• Designates $188 million for the development and testing of maritime robotic autonomous systems and enabling technologies and $174 million for the development of a Test Resource Management Center robotic autonomous systems proving ground.
• Earmarks $250 million for the development, production, and integration of wave-powered unmanned underwater vehicles.

One Big Beautiful Bill Act 2025, Section 20004 ("Enhancement of Department of Defense resources for munitions and defense supply chain resiliency") (introduced 5/20/25)

• Appropriates $50 million for accelerated one-way attack unmanned aerial systems with advanced autonomy and allocates $1 billion to expand the industrial base for these systems.
• Provides $500 million for development, production, and integration of counter-unmanned aerial systems programs and designates $350 million for non-kinetic counter-unmanned aerial systems programs.
• Earmarks $250 million for land-based, and $200 million for ship-based counter-unmanned aerial systems programs.

One Big Beautiful Bill Act 2025, Section 20005 ("Enhancement of Department of Defense resources for scaling low-cost weapons into production") (introduced 5/20/25)

• Appropriates $1.1 billion for the expansion of the small unmanned aerial system industrial base and $120 million for the development, procurement, and integration of long-endurance unmanned aerial systems for surveillance.
• Earmarks $500 million to prevent delays in delivery of attritable autonomous military capabilities.
• Appropriates $124 million for improvements to Test Resource Management Center artificial intelligence capabilities.
• Allocates $145 million for the development of artificial intelligence to enable one-way attack unmanned aerial systems and naval systems.
• Allocates $250 million for the advancement of the artificial intelligence ecosystem and another $250 million to expand Cyber Command’s AI initiatives.

One Big Beautiful Bill Act 2025, Section 20006 ("Enhancement of Department of Defense resources for improving the efficiency and cybersecurity of the Department of Defense") (introduced 5/20/25)

• Appropriates $200 million for the deployment of automation and artificial intelligence to accelerate audits of the Department of Defense's financial statements, as outlined in chapter 9A and section 2222 of title 10, United States Code.

One Big Beautiful Bill Act 2025, Section 60003 ("U.S. Customs and Border Protection technology, vetting activities, and other efforts to enhance border security") (introduced 5/20/25)

• Appropriates $4.5 billion to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to purchase and improve AI and other border surveillance technologies to combat illegal narcotics and secure U.S. borders.
• Appropriates $1.2 billion to CBP for Air and Marine Operations' upgrading and procurement of new platforms for rapid air and marine response capabilities.
• Restricts funds for certain surveillance towers unless they are tested and federally accepted for autonomous capabilities.

One Big Beautiful Bill Act 2025, Section 100001 ("Coast guard assets necessary to secure the maritime border and interdict migrants and drugs") (introduced 5/20/25)

• Appropriates $140 million for long-range unmanned aircraft systems and related infrastructure to improve the US Coast Guard's capabilities.
• Allocates $180 million for maritime domain awareness equipment and services, including $75 million specifically for autonomous maritime systems.
• Mandates compliance with reporting requirements and submission of an expenditure plan to relevant Congressional committees.

One Big Beautiful Bill Act 2025, Section 112204 ("Implementing artificial intelligence tools for purposes of reducing and recouping improper payments under Medicare") (introduced 5/20/25)

• Mandates the Secretary of Health and Human Services to implement artificial intelligence tools by January 1, 2027 to reduce and identify improper payments under Medicare Parts A and B.
• Directs the Secretary to contract with AI vendors and data scientists to facilitate implementation of AI tools.
• Requires the Secretary to report to Congress annually, starting January 1, 2029, on the implementation of AI tools, recoupment efforts, and reasons for any failure to reduce improper payment rates by 50%.

🏗️ Other AGORA news

• AGORA now includes a section on digital replicas and a section on generative AI from the U.S. Copyright Office’s Report on Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, which was most recently updated in May.
• The details and full text of the TAKE IT DOWN Act, which makes it a federal crime to publish nonconsensual intimate imagery of any person, and the Trump administration’s executive order on Advancing AI Education for American Youth are available to browse in AGORA.
• The AGORA bulk dataset is being updated monthly with the latest data from the web UI. (Read the docs)

✉️ Get in touch

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